Eminyakeni yamuva, kube nesidingo esikhulayo seUkusobala okuguquguqukayoAmafilimu angagoba noma abumbe abe bobunjwa obuhlukile ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zezenhlalo nezimboni. Lawa mafilimu athole izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbonini ezinjenge-elekthronikhi, ekhombisa, amaseli elanga kanye nokupakishwa okuhlakaniphile, phakathi kwabanye. Amandla walawa mafilimu agobe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukubonakala kwawo kubalulekile ngempumelelo yawo kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza. Kepha la mafilimu afinyelela kanjani ngempela ukuguquguquka?
Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, sidinga ukuhambisa ekwakhiweni nasekukhiqizweni kwalawa mafilimu. Amafilimu amaningi aguqukayo asobala enziwe ama-polymers, anawo amaketanga amade okuphinda amayunithi amamolekyuli. Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ze-polymer kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuguquguquka nokusobala kwefilimu. Ezinye izinto ezijwayelekile ze-polymer ezisetshenziselwa amafilimu aguqukayo asobala zifaka i-polyethylene terephthalate (pet), i-polyethylene naphthalate (pen), ne-polymide (PI).
Lezi zinto ze-polymer zinikeza izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini, njengamandla aphezulu aphezulu kanye nokuqina okuhle kobukhulu, ngenkathi usagcina ukucaciswa kwabo. Amaketanga ama-molekyuli e-polymer agcwele kakhulu futhi anikeze isakhiwo esiqinile futhi esifanayo kwifilimu. Lokhu kuthembeka kwesakhiwo kuvumela ifilimu ukuthi imelane nokugoba nokubumba ngaphandle kokuphula noma ukulahlekelwa ukuvela obala.
Ngaphezu kokukhethwa kwezinto ze-polymer, inqubo yokukhiqiza inomthelela ekuguqulekeni kwefilimu. Amafilimu ajwayele ukukhiqizwa ngokuhlanganiswa kokukhishwa kanye namasu wokungelula. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhishwa kwe-Extresion, impahla ye-polymer incibilikile futhi yaphoqwa ngokuvulwa okuncane okubizwa ngokuthi yi-die, okubumba ekhasini elincanyana. Leli shidi liyaphonswa futhi liqinisekiswa ukuze kwakheke le filimu.
Ngemuva kwenqubo yokukhishwa, ifilimu lingahle lingenele isinyathelo sokuqhubekisela phambili ukuguquguquka kwalo. Ukwelula kufaka ukudonsa le filimu ngezinkulumo ezingxenyeni ezimbili ze-perpendicular ngasikhathi sinye, esiveza amaketanga we-polymer futhi uwahlongane ngendlela ethile. Le nqubo yokwethula yethula ingcindezi kwifilimu, okwenza kube lula ukugoba nokubumba ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuvela kwayo. Izinga lokunwetshwa kanye nokuqondisa kokunwetshwa kungashintshwa ukuze kufinyelelwe ukuguquguquka okufunayo kwifilimu.
Enye into ethinta ikhono lokugoba kweAmafilimu acacile asobalaubukhulu babo. Amafilimu amancanyana athambekele ekuvumelaniseni ngokwengeziwe kunezimpethu ngenxa yokumelana kwawo okuncishisiwe kokugoba. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukuhweba phakathi kobukhulu namandla emishini. Amafilimu amancanyana angaba athambekele ekudwebeni noma ukubhoboza, ikakhulukazi uma ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi badinga ukwandisa ubukhulu befilimu ngokususelwa kwizidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza.
Ngaphandle kwezakhiwo zemishini kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza, ukucacisa kwefilimu nakho kuya ngezimpawu zayo ezingaphezulu. Lapho ukukhanya kuxhumana nomuntu wefilimu, kungabonakala, kudluliselwe, noma kumunwe. Ukuthola ukucaca, amafilimu avame ukuhlanganiswa ngezendlalelo ezincanyana zezinto zokwakha obala, njenge-Indium tin oxide (ITO) noma ama-nanoparkles wesiliva, asiza ukunciphisa ukuboniswa nokukhulisa ukuhambisa okukhanyayo. Lezi zimbozo ziqinisekisa ukuthi ifilimu ihlala ibonakale kakhulu noma ngabe igobile noma ibunjiwe.
Ngaphezu kokuguquguquka kwabo nokusobala, amafilimu atholakala eguqukayo anikela nangezinye izinzuzo eziningana ngaphezulu kwezinto eziqinile zendabuko. Imvelo yabo engasindi ibenze balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuncishiswa kwesisindo kubalulekile, njengaku-elekthronikhi ephathekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla abo okuvumelana nezindawo ezigobile zinika amandla amadivaysi asungulayo nawokonga isikhala. Ngokwesibonelo,Amafilimu acacile asobalazisetshenziswa ekubonisweni okugobile, okunikeza okuhlangenwe nakho kokubuka okugxilisa kakhulu.
Isidingo esandayo seAmafilimu acacile asobalaUgqugquzele ucwaningo nentuthuko kulo mkhakha, kanye nososayensi kanye nonjiniyela balwela ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zabo futhi bandise izinhlelo zabo. Basebenza ekuthuthukiseni izinto ezintsha ze-polymer ngokuguquguquka okuthuthukile nokubonakala obala, kanye nokuhlola amasu okukhiqiza amanoveli ukufezekisa ukukhiqizwa okusebenzayo. Ngenxa yale mizamo, ikusasa libukeka lithembisaAmafilimu acacile asobala, futhi singalindela ukubona izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha ezibonakalayo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.
Ekuphetheni, ukuguquguquka kwamafilimu asobala kutholakala ngokuhlanganiswa kwezinto, kufaka phakathi ukukhetha kwezinto ze-polymer, inqubo yokukhiqiza, ubukhulu befilimu, nezimpawu zalo zefilimu. Izinto ze-polymer ezinezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini zivumela ifilimu ukuthi imelane nokugoba ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukucaca. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ifaka ukukhishwa futhi yelula ukuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka. I-Coatings kanye nezendlalelo ezimnene zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuboniswa kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuhanjiswa okukhanyayo. Ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko, ikusasa leAmafilimu acacile asobalaKubukeka kukhanya, futhi zisethwe ukuguqula izimboni nobuchwepheshe ngezindlela eziningi.
Isikhathi sePosi: Sep-05-2023
